Texts:

Non-Human Ecology and Paleoenvironments:

• Bryant, Vaughn M., Jr., and Richard G. Holloway (editors), 1985 Pollen Records of Late-Quaternary North American Sediments . American Association of Stratigraphic Palynologists Foundation, Dallas.
• Morse, Douglass H., 1980 Behavioral Mechanisms in Ecology . Harvard University Press, Cambridge, Massachusetts.
• Odum, Eugene P., 1971 Fundamentals of Ecology . W.B. Saunders Company, Philadelphia.
• Porter, Stephen C. (editor), 1983 The Late Pleistocene , volume 1, Late Quaternary Environments of the United States , edited by William C. Sturtevant. Smithsonian Institution, Washington D.C.
• Shelford, Victor E., 1963 Ecology of North America . University of Illinois Press, Urbana.
• Wright, H.E., Jr. (editor), 1983 The Holocene , volume 2, Late Quaternary Environments of the United States, edited by H. E. Wright, Jr. Smithsonian Institution, Washington D.C.

Archaeological Human Ecology, Ethnography, Ethnohistory:

• Binford, Lewis R., 1983 In Pursuit of the Past . Thames and Hudson, New York.
• Boxberger, Daniel L. (editor), 1990 Native North Americans: An Ethnohistorical Approach . Kendall/Hunt Publishing Company, Dubuque, IO.
• Butzer, Karl W., 1982 Archaeology as Human Ecology . Cambridge University Press, Cambridge.
• Croes, Dale R., 1992 Exploring Prehistoric Subsistence Change on the Northwest Coast. In Long-Term Subsistence Change in Prehistoric North America , edited by Dale E. Croes, Rebecca A. Hawkins, and Barry L. Isaac, pp. 337-366. Research in Economic Anthropology, Supplement 6. JAI Press Inc., Greenwich, Connecticut.
• Fladmark, K. R., 1978 A Guide to Basic Archaeological Field Procedures . Publication Number 4, Department of Archaeology, Simon Fraser University, Burnaby, British Columbia
• Gibbon, Guy, 1984 Anthropological Archaeology . Columbia University Press, New York.
• Hayden, Brian, Morley Eldridge, and Ann Cannon, 1985 Complex Hunter-Gatherers in Interior British Columbia. In Prehistoric Hunter-Gatherers: The Emergence of Cultural Complexity , edited by T. Donald Price and James A. Brown. Academic Press, New York.
• Helm, June (editor), 1981 Subarctic , volume 6, Handbook of North American Indians , edited by William C. Sturtevant. Smithsonian Institution, Washington D.C.
• Jennings, Jesse D. (editor), 1983 Ancient North Americans . W.H. Freeman and Company, San Francisco.
• Lamb, W. Kaye (editor), 1984 A Voyage of Discovery to the North Pacific and Around the World 1791-1795 . The Voyage of George Vancouver 1791-1795, Volume II, Second Series No. 164. The Hakluyt Society, London.
• Lasca, Norman P., and Jack Donahue (editors), 1990 Archaeological Geology of North America . Centennial Special Volume 4. The Geological Society of America, Boulder, Colorado.
• Matson, R.G., 1992 The Evolution of Northwest Coast Subsistence. In Long-Term Subsistence Change in Prehistoric North America , edited by Dale E. Croes, Rebecca A. Hawkins, and Barry L. Isaac, pp. 366-428 Research in Economic Anthropology, Supplement 6. JAI Press Inc., Greenwich, Connecticut.
• Mitchell, Donald and Leland Donald, 1988 Archaeology and the Study of Northwest Coast Economies. In Prehistoric Economies of The Pacific Northwest Coast, edited by Barry L. Isaac, pp.293-351. Research in Economic Anthropology, Supplement 3. JAI Press Inc., Greenwich, Connecticut.
• Smith, Allan H., 1984 Kutenai Indian Subsistence and Settlement Patterns, Northwest Montana . Technical Report, U.S. Army Corps of Engineers, Seattle District, Seattle, Washington.
• Suttles, Wayne (editor), 1981 Northwest Coast , volume 7, Handbook of North American Indians , edited by William C. Sturtevant. Smithsonian Institution, Washington D.C.
• Thoms, Alston V., 1989 The Northern Roots of Hunter-Gatherer Intensification: Camas and the Pacific Northwest . Ph.D. dissertation, Department of Anthropology, Washington State University, Pullman.
• Thoms, Alston V. (assembler), 1995 Northern Rocky Mountains Field School: Selected Readings. Ms. on file at the Center for Environmental Archaeology, Texas A&M University, College Station.
• Thoms, Alston V. (editor), 1984 (editor and principal contributor) Archeology, Environment, and Land Use Patterns in the Middle Kootenai River Valley . Project Report 2, Center for Northwest Anthropology, Washington State University, Pullman.
• Thoms, Alston V., and Greg C. Burtchard (editors), 1987 Prehistoric Land Use in the Northern Rocky Mountains: A Perspective from the Middle Kootenai River Valley . Project Report 4, Center for Northwest Anthropology, Washington State University, Pullman.
• Turney-High, Harry Holbert, 1941 Ethnography of the Kutenai . Memoirs of the American Anthropological Association, No. 26. Reprinted by Lraus Reprint Co., Millwood, New York.
• Yesner, David R., 1980 Maritime Hunter-Gatherers: Ecology and Prehistory. Current Anthropology 21:727-750.

Structure:

Instructor: Lectures on topics-of-the-day; reviews studies from various areas of Northwestern North Americas, emphasizing regions in Northern Rockies area and Kootenai Valley region ( see following sections for additional information ); comments on, reviews, and edits student writing

Students: Develop and report on assigned research topics that relate material culture and/or environment in the middle Kootenai River Valley to human ecology in Northwestern North America; lead classroom and laboratory discussions as they pertain to the topics-of-the-day and the Kootenai Valley region. Data sets, including artifacts, samples and records, are derived from the Department's 1994 and 1995 Northern Rocky Mountain field school and other studies in the project area. See following/attached pages, assignment tables, etc., for additional information.